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The Feeling of Being Healthy: New Perspectives on Modern Medicine. „Well-being“ and mental health have become increasingly important in the definitions of health since 1945. Has this also changed the feeling of being healthy? The chapter demonstrates that the intuitive feeling of being healthy when the body does not cause any discomfort has been increasingly delegitimized in the last hundred years. It identifies three developments as responsible for this shift: the establishment of the risk factor model, the reconceptualization of health as result of a constant process of rebalancing health and illness, and the emphasis on the subjective component of health.
Evolutionary Medicine and its Holistic Concept of Health. Recent years have seen tremendous advances in our understanding of biological processes on genomic, cellular, and evolutionary levels.We owe this progress in great part to modern genetic techniques, steady improvements in imaging technology, and ground-breaking molecular tools.These findings not only helped turning Darwin’s hypothesis on the origin of species into an exact science, they also require us to integrate the complex interactions between biology, environment, and behavior into our ways of thinking. As a result, a new scientific rationale for a holistic concept of health and disease emerged: Evolutionary Medicine. The holistic approach of Evolutionary Medicine provides a new perspective on human biology: Why are people so frail, why do we get sick? Most importantly, it helps us comprehend how to better preserve health – as opposed to merely focusing on the treatment of diseases. For example, it is the misalignment between our evolutionary ‘old’ biology and our fast-changing, man-made environment (e. g., urbanization and nutrition with processed food) that helps to comprehend the emergence of civilization diseases.
Ein Teil der Gemeinschaft
(2021)
Keine Regionalgruppe vor Ort? Dann gründe ich halt eine – fand eine Betroffene mit Lupus erythematodes. Ein Erfahrungsbericht. Im Jahr 2000 bekam ich im Alter von 28 Jahren die Diagnose „Systemischer Lupus erythematodes“ (SLE) – mit Beteiligungen der Haut, des Zentralen Nervensystems, der Niere und des Herzens. Im Krankenhaus bekam ich zwar Informationen zur weiteren Therapie, nicht aber elementare Informationen über die Krankheit. Weil ich noch kein Internet hatte, ging ich in die Bibliothek und fand nach einigem Suchen auch ein medizinisches Nachschlagewerk aus den 60er Jahren. Darin wurde einiges über die Krankheit erklärt, auch, dass meine Lebenserwartung nur bei drei bis fünf Jahren liegen würde.
Introduction – Reflections on Concepts of Health in Their Context. Contrary to what is often believed, health is not simply an objective condition that is easily determined and measured by strict medical criteria in clinical or scientific settings. It is a multifaceted phenomenon whose perception and understanding is influenced profoundly by people’s personal experience, cultural background and social environment. Correspondingly, there is great variety in concepts and definitions of health, both today and in a historical perspective. This collection of studies examines a number of such contextual factors that influence concepts, values and practices related to health, both present and past. It also makes a number of recommendations relevant to medical professionals, politicians, patients and other healthcare stakeholders as to how healthcare systems can be improved and enriched. It advocates a holistic approach to the understanding of health and disease, which involves embracing historical and philosophical concepts in medical reasoning, learning from health practices originated in other parts of the world and establishing interdisciplinary ways of thinking in biomedical research and clinical care.
Als ich im Januar 2018 nach Potsdam zog, war ich hoch motiviert: Mein Studium hatte ich erfolgreich beendet und nun musste ich nur noch die letzte Hürde überwinden, um meinen Traumberuf Grundschullehrerin zu erreichen: das Referendariat. Fünf Tage hat es gedauert, bis sich mein Leben ändern sollte. In meinem WG-Zimmer voller Umzugskartons ertastete ich eines Abends eine Verhärtung in meiner Brust. Zwei Tage später hatte ich einen Termin bei einem Gynäkologen. Im Ultraschall sah man einen Tumor von etwa 1,5 cm Größe, der abgeklärt werden musste. „Machen Sie sich keine großen Sorgen. Ich hatte noch nie eine Patientin in ihrem Alter, bei der es etwas Bösartiges war.“ Mit diesen Worten verabschiedetet mich der Mediziner.
Taming the European Leviathan: Health as Politics. A Research Project. This article outlines the research project „Taming the European Leviathan: The Legacy of Post-War Medicine and the Common Good“. It is funded by a Synergy Grant of the European Research Council and unites European researchers comparing health policies (from drug research to prevention) in West- and East-European countries, e.g., Bulgaria, Germany, France, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and the United Kingdom. The common goal is to provide a different perspective on post-war Europe, a perspective that emphasizes commonalities rather than differences.
The Concept of Health in Immunology and Infection Biology: Nine Opportunities for the Future. Looking at our individual immune systems, one might get the impression that health is mostly a personal matter. However, infection biology immediately points to the fact that health is the outcome of a global joint effort undertaken not only by all humans, but actually by all living beings. From the very large to the very small, health is based on a fragile balance and the successful collaboration of numerous single entities in a highly sensitive and complex network that connects our innermost world with that of the outside. Diseases have been with us forever, and in the course of time, they shaped our political and cultural community. Yet, they also are one of the main drivers of evolutionary development. In that capacity, they have promoted progress from simple life forms to complex beings, i. e., ourselves. Thus, health can also be seen as the product of innumerable tiny coincidences. Politics, academia and society should ensure prevention of future detrimental (or harmful) coincidences with such tragic outcomes.
Patients’ Perspectives on Health. The following chapter presents a number of patient statements on health and disease provided by several German patient associations. In these statements, patients describe their personal experience with health and disease and how they cope with their situations. Some also emphasize what they have done to improve their wellbeing. These first-hand reports offer a glimpse of the factors that support and inhibit individual people in their everyday struggles to create and maintain their own understanding of health.
The Āyurvedic Concept of Health. Āyurveda denominates the most important traditional medical system in South Asia. It looks back on an extensive corpus of literature from the past two thousand years. Since the 1980s, Āyurvedic medical practice has been increasingly spread outside South Asia. One reason for its success might be that Āyurveda places great emphasis on the maintenance of health, prevention, and regeneration. It also developed a broad and differentiated spectrum of diagnostic and therapeutic options, which, based on its own systematic paradigm, have been elaborated in detail over millennia. Āyurveda’s canonical texts not only provide systematic descriptions and definitions of the Āyurvedic understanding of health, they also contain detailed treatises regarding their relevance for everyday life and concrete medical instructions. This article provides basic information about the Āyurvedic understanding of health and contextualizes it within the everyday practice of both conventionally and Āyurvedically trained medical doctors in Germany.
Health in Judaism: An Intercultural Discourse on Lack of Understanding and Misunderstanding in the Past and Present. Hardly any other religion pays as much attention to physical health as Judaism. Beginning with the Torah, the contrast between „healthy“ and „sick“ is already conceptualized and associated with the will of God and his plan of creation. In addition to the stereotype that Jews are sicker than their fellow human beings, there is an early claim that their state of health is better than that of other peoples. The religious writings of Judaism contain a large number of regulations that show how much the Greco- Roman doctrine of dietetics has been internalized, expanded and adapted to one’s own spiritual needs. There is broad consensus among today’s rabbis that health care, as described above all in the Talmud, was time-related and therefore should be based on today’s standards and findings while remaining in compliance with religious laws.