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Dealing with the Consequences of Climate Change in Historic Parks and Gardens in the United Kingdom
(2019)
Given that long term climate change is recognised as having an ›impact upon all aspects of daily life, not least the survival of heritage assets‹ there is a need to consider all aspects of heritage in the United Kingdom (UK). In order to provide an international context for the German situation this paper looks specifically at adaptation measures that have developed within the main British conservation and horticultural organisations, Historic England, the National Trust and the Royal Horticultural Society. It does this by providing some cultural context for the present policies. It then looks at how the climate is expected to change by the end of this century. It identifies the main challenges, and then reviews the responses by way of adaptation and mitigation.
Historic parks and gardens survive in many places with some sites still in use but others abandoned long ago and now given over to other purposes. Accurate repair and reliable reconstruction depend upon archaeological information which is particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. The impairment and loss of such detail threaten historical integrity. This means that we must monitor changes and develop suitable mitigation.
This paper presents the Bogoroditsk (Tula Region in Russia) Park’s history of origin in the 18th century, its subsequent functioning and degrading. Special attention is paid to the contribution of A. T. Bolotov serving as the supervisor of Bogoroditsk Volost in the 1770s–1790s. In conclusion, the contemporary state of Bogoroditsk Park and its water-supply facilities that is worrying the experts is described.
The creation of a representation official park of nationwide scale and importance is hedged about with a lot of difficulties. It is supposed to be a paragon of beauty and utility while also being an epoch’s monument remaining in place for long decades or centuries. The paper analyses the balance between the beauty and sustainability in the conception and the actual life of eight parks in the realm of Russian culture (Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Russian Federation). That said, one of them (House of Bezborodko) represents an unconsummated project, but one that is typical of its epoch.
Introduction
(2019)
Für Schleiermacher ist Religion keine pädagogisch nützliche Mischung von Metaphysik und Moral, sondern eine eigene Dimension des Menschseins, Anschauung des Universums, Sinn und Geschmack fürs Unendliche; die von der Aufklärung favorisierte „natürliche Religion“ der allgemeinen, übergeschichtlichen Vernunftwahrheiten sei bloß eine Totgeburt, jede wirkliche, lebendige Religion dagegen eine unableitbare geschichtliche Individualität. Im Christentum sei Jesus Christus die Zentralgestalt, der Vermittler und Versöhner des Zwiespalts zwischen Endlichem und Unendlichem, an dem sich alle Religion abarbeite. Im Laufe seiner Entwicklung strebe das Christentum immer mehr zu Sozialgestalten ohne Hierarchie zwischen Priestern und Laien; in der Vollendung (den aber selbst der Protestantismus noch nicht erreicht habe) würden alle „von Gott gelehrt“ sein (Johannes 6,45).
The computer has come to play a transformative role in the ways we model, store, process and study text. Nevertheless, we cannot yet claim to have realised the promises of the digital medium: the organisation and dissemination of scholarly knowledge through the exchange, reuse and enrichment of data sets. Despite the acclaimed interdisciplinary nature of digital humanities, current digital research takes place in a closed environment and rarely surpasses the traditional boundaries of a field. Furthermore, it is worthwhile to continue questioning the models we use and whether they are actually suitable for our scholarly needs. There’s a risk that the affordances and limitations of a prevailing model may blind us to aspects it doesn’t support.
In her talk, Elli Bleeker discusses different technologies to model data with respect to their expressive power and their potential to address the needs of the scholarly community. Within this framework, she introduces a new data model for text, Text-As-Graph (TAG), and it’s reference implementation Alexandria, a text repository system. The TAG model allows researchers to store, query, and analyse text that is encoded from different perspectives. Alexandria thus stimulates new ways of looking at textual objects, facilitates the exchange of information across disciplines, and secures textual knowledge for future endeavours. From a philosophical perspective, the TAG model and the workflow of Alexandria raise compelling questions about our notions of textuality, and prompt us to reconsider how we can best model the variety of textual dimensions.