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Volltext vorhanden
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Adequate Health Care – Appropriate Care. The understanding of health is highly relevant in ethical as well as health policy terms because it is linked to entitlement to health services. In addition, conclusions can be drawn from what we consider to be appropriate health care to the current prevailing understanding of health and illness. The article describes the conceptual complexity of the normative concept of adequate health care and the opportunities and challenges of its effective operationalization.
Health Data as a Public Good. Routine health data, which are collected by health insurers and other agencies in the health care system, offer enormous potential for health monitoring and research. Germany has been slow to make such data available for socially beneficial purposes, partly due to concerns about privacy and data protection. Against this background, we discuss some of the most important potential uses of routine health data and call for a broader societal debate about the benefits, risks, and appropriate regulation of routine health data usage.We then review theWestern Australian Data Linkage System as an example of a data infrastructure that is characterized by high levels of stakeholder and patient involvement and a sophisticated method of privacy protection. While Germany does not need to copy this approach, we hope that the experiences of Western Australia and other countries will stimulate and inform the overdue debate about a modern, responsible, and sustainable approach to socially beneficial health data usage in Germany.
Taming the European Leviathan: Health as Politics. A Research Project. This article outlines the research project „Taming the European Leviathan: The Legacy of Post-War Medicine and the Common Good“. It is funded by a Synergy Grant of the European Research Council and unites European researchers comparing health policies (from drug research to prevention) in West- and East-European countries, e.g., Bulgaria, Germany, France, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and the United Kingdom. The common goal is to provide a different perspective on post-war Europe, a perspective that emphasizes commonalities rather than differences.
The World Health Organization (WHO), Pandemics, and COVID-19: How to Proceed With a Multilateral Concept of Global Health? The WHO grew to 194 member states, and with globalization, geopolitical shifts, and internal reorganizations, the lines of influence have become more complex. In 2020, the United States severely endangered multilateralism in health. Recently, the Biden administration has revived US commitment as a major global health player. Yet, the lack of coherence in supporting collective action on global health remains a problem. Global health geopolitics are shifting and China and India have acquired enough power to shape the global health agenda. At the instigation of Germany, health has become a regular topic at Group of Twenty (G20) and G7 meetings – a critical factor during the COVID-19 pandemic. The WHO’s director general frequently states that health is a political choice. Many countries made unfortunate, if not questionable political choices in their responses to COVID-19. But as a matter of fact, they took the wrong turn much earlier when they neglected investments in pandemic preparedness and in the WHO. Countries have the political choice right now to seriously strengthen the WHO, its funding, and its legal power, or to weaken or even destroy one of the most important agencies in the UN system.
Der Energiebedarf der Menschen wird heute überwiegend durch die Verbrennung von Kohle, Erdöl und Erdgas gedeckt. Das Bewusstsein der Endlichkeit dieser wertvollen Rohstoffe hat die Energiefrage zu einem zentralen Begriff für alle Überlegungen gemacht, die auf die langfristige Zukunft des Lebens auf unserem Planeten gerichtet sind. Vor 150 Jahren haben zuerst Physiologen die Bedeutung der Energie für den Stoffwechsel von Lebewesen erkannt, Physiker bestimmten den für die Umwelt kritischen Energiehaushalt der Erde. Sie stellten Überlegungen dazu an, welche Auswirkung die Ausbeutung der fossilen Energievorräte hat und welche Aufgaben von der Menschheit gelöst werden müssen, wenn ihre Zukunft gesichert werden soll. Schon heute erkennbare Aufgaben für Wissenschaft, Technik und Wirtschaft werden genannt, sie müssen von der Energiepolitik gefördert werden.
Physician Health in the Workplace. Physicians are exposed to a variety of risks in their everyday work. There is an obvious risk, especially in view of the current pandemic, of contracting communicable diseases like COVID-19, HIV and Hepatitis C. The commercialization of healthcare and associated cost-saving measures – particularly in the field of human resources – lead to unhealthy workloads and, correspondingly, an increased risk of suffering from psychological disorders like burnout and depression. Scientific studies reveal a correlation between psychological stress and the quality of patient care. The health of medical personnel must be given high priority in the interest of both patients and those working in the healthcare system. This requires adequate funding with staffing that is appropriate to the patient and the task at hand, thus ensuring humane and high-quality patient care. In addition, physicians must be relieved of performing non-medical tasks, and their resilience must be strengthened through individual and operational measures.
Sepsis and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Chances for Developing a Better Health System in Germany. Sepsis is the most serious complication of infectious diseases including patients critically illwith COVID-19. In 2017, sepsis was estimated to affect close to 50 million people and to cause or contribute to 11 million deaths, with over 3 million of those deaths being in children or adolescents.The WHO considers that most deaths from sepsis are preventable and therefore urges all member states to integrate sepsis in their national health strategy. However, this is not yet the case for Germany, although – compared to other western industrial countries – sepsis mortality rates in Germany are very high. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented the world with the most serious health threat in living memory, which until July 2021 resulted in more than 4 million deaths and unprecedented social and economic disruption. It has reminded us that infectious diseases still present a major global health threat. In contrast to the poor recognition of sepsis from other infections, the response to the pandemic has also been unprecedented in most countries in terms of instituting effective public health measures, and the global scientific community has come together to produce robust research evidence and novel vaccines in record time. Thus, a positive legacy for the COVID‑19 pandemic in Germany and around the globe would reduce the global burden of sepsis by making pandemic preparedness, infection prevention and control, sepsis and antimicrobial resistance integral parts of national infection control and management strategies.